Here we identify Gremlin1 as a ligand for fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), which promotes lineage plasticity and drives castration resistance. Importantly, we generate a specific anti-Gremlin1 therapeutic antibody and demonstrate synergistic effect with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in CRPC.

TST001 is a recombinant humanized IgG1 antibody specifically against human Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) with high affinity and enhanced FcR engaging of NK cell.

MSB0254 is a humanized vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) monoclonal antibody which inhibits angiogenesis induced by either VEGF-A or –C.This is a phase I study to evaluate MSB0254’s safety, tolerability and PK profiles, as well as preliminary anti-cancer activities in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors.

Antibodies targeting PD1/PD-L1 are emerging as effective cancer immunotherapies, however, not all patients with PD-L1 expression respond to the treatment.

This phase I clinical trial enrolls patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors who progressed on or after standard treatments. In the dose escalation phase, patients without preselection of tumor CLDN18.2 expression were given increasing doses of TST001 intravenously every 3 weeks (Q3W) using a 3+3 design.

In normal conditions, Claudin (CLDN)18.2 is a tight junction protein with expression strictly confined to differentiated epithelial cells in gastric mucosa.